Nunavut Arctic College photovoltaics

A key challenge for solar power is that power production grinds to a halt when the sun isn’t shining – say, for example, at night. An obvious problem, one that seemingly can’t be avoided.

But what about moving solar power generation to where there is no night? It makes sense. Photovoltaic systems that convert solar energy into electricity work better in sunnier locations. Cloudy condition or shortened days diminish solar power generation capacity. Where better to take advantage of solar energy than the land of the midnight sun?

Iqaluit is the capital of Canada’s newest territory, Nunavut. Near the Arctic Circle (63° 45′ North latitude), it receives about 20 hours of sunlight per day in midsummer, and about five at winter solstice.

In July 1995, an advanced photovoltaic system was installed on the campus of Nunavut Arctic College. The project had two principal objectives. First, to publicize photovoltaic as a viable power source, especially in the Arctic.

Second, to document the long-term performance of a photovoltaic system in Canada’s northern territories. There had been fears the harsh (namely, very very cold) climate would be too hard on solar panels.

To that end, the University of Waterloo has closely monitored every facet of its operation. System output and efficiency can be measured down to the hour. The results are in. Not only has the system earned a pass, but flying colours – appropriate in the land of the northern lights.

During its first nine years of operation, the system has worked consistently and reliably. It has generated approximately 2,000 kilowatt hours of electricity each year. That’s not a lot; the average American uses 600 – 800 kilowatt hours every month.

But the system has served its purpose – solar energy is irrefutably viable up north.